Chapter 8 of the book Holistic IoT Security, Privacy and Safety: Integrated Approaches Protecting A Highly Connected World, by Konstantinos Loupos (ed.), 2025. ISBN 978-1-63828-506-9. E-ISBN 978-1-63828-507-6.

This chapter discusses the importance of establishing robust monitoring and detection capabilities in IoT ecosystems to identify emerging cybersecurity threats, in alignment with NIST - National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA - guidelines and the NIS - Network and Information Security, EU - directive. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) play a critical role in monitoring network traffic, identifying suspicious activities, and responding to potential threats. The chapter also addresses the limitations of traditional IDS in modern IoT environments, such as handling large volumes of data and ensuring real-time detection.

To address these challenges, the ERATOSTHENES project proposes an integrated solution using Machine Learning to distinguish between normal and malicious device behaviours, complemented by Federated Learning techniques to optimize data transmission and enhance collaborative AI model development.